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Why life is an emergent property that appears at the level of the cell?
Such properties are called emergent properties (Novikoff, 1945). Life itself is an example of an emergent property. The cell is thus no longer in isolation, and its integration into a system provides that system with emergent properties (Novikoff, 1945).
Which of the following reduces the growth of germs on surfaces or objects to a safe level?
A disinfectant is an agents used to disinfect inanimate objects but generally to toxic to use on human tissues. An antiseptic is an agent that kills or inhibits growth of microbes but is safe to use on human tissue. A sanitizer is an agent that reduces microbial numbers to a safe level.
What happens to the complexity of life in each successive level of biological organization?
In each successive level of organization, the complexity of life increases and a distinguishable property can be observed. To further understand the complexity of life, listed below are the ten levels of biological organization in living organisms listed based on the hierarchy starting with the basic element, cell.
Why is metabolism an emergent property?
Metabolism is an emergent property of life that arises from the totality of an organism’s chemical reactions. Biological collisions between molecules are helped (to react) by enzymes.
Which microbes are most susceptible versus most resistant to disinfectants Why?
Microorganisms vary in their degree of susceptibility to disinfectants. In general, Gram-positive bacteria are more susceptible to chemical disinfectants while mycobacteria or bacterial endospores are more resistant.
Why is bacterial growth important?
The study of bacterial growth curves is important when aiming to utilize or inoculate known numbers of the bacterial isolate, for example to enhance plant growth, increase biodegradation of toxic organics, or produce antibiotics or other natural products at an industrial scale.
What causes microbial growth?
Warmth, moisture, pH levels and oxygen levels are the four big physical and chemical factors affecting microbial growth. In most buildings, warmth and moisture are the biggest overall issues present. Dampness is a big player in the growth of fungi. Just like any living thing, water is essential to the life of microbes.
What inhibits the growth of bacteria in inanimate environments?
Disinfectants: agents that kill microorganisms, but not necessarily their spores, but are not safe for application to living tissues; they are used on inanimate objects such as tables, floors, utensils, etc.