Table of Contents
- 1 What did Archibald Garrod suggest caused inborn errors of metabolism?
- 2 What did Archibald Garrod do?
- 3 What are the implications of an error in protein synthesis?
- 4 What is on the 3 end of DNA?
- 5 How does the prokaryotic ribosome differ from a eukaryotic ribosome What is the medical significance of this difference?
What did Archibald Garrod suggest caused inborn errors of metabolism?
molecular genetics In 1908 British physician Archibald Garrod proposed the important idea that the human disease alkaptonuria, and certain other hereditary diseases, were caused by inborn errors of metabolism, suggesting for the first time that linked genes had molecular action at the cell level.
What revision of detail but not of basic principle did this hypothesis undergo as more information was gained?
What revision of detail (but not of basic principle) did the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis undergo as more information was gained? Not all proteins are enzymes! Many proteins are constructed from two or more different polypeptide chains, and each polypeptide is specified by its own gene.
What did Archibald Garrod do?
Archibald Garrod was the first to connect a human disorder with Mendel’s laws of inheritance. He also proposed the idea that diseases came about through a metabolic route leading to the molecular basis of inheritance.
What did Archibald Garrod propose as the cause for the phenotype of the disease of dark urine?
In 1902, Archibald Garrod described the inherited disorder alkaptonuria as an “inborn error of metabolism.” He proposed that a gene mutation causes a specific defect in the biochemical pathway for eliminating liquid wastes. The phenotype of the disease — dark urine — is a reflection of this error.
What are the implications of an error in protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis errors may also produce polypeptides displaying a gain of toxic function. In rare cases, the error may confer an alternate or pathological function on an otherwise normal, folded protein. More often, errors disrupt folding, and the misfolded molecule may be toxic.
Which gene is mutated in class I mutants rescued by individual addition of ornithine citrulline or arginine )?
The arg-1 mutants grew when supplied with ornithine, citrulline, or arginine in addition to the minimal medium. The arg-2 mutants grew on either arginine or citrulline but not on ornithine.
What is on the 3 end of DNA?
Each end of DNA molecule has a number. One end is referred to as 5′ (five prime) and the other end is referred to as 3′ (three prime). The 5′ and 3′ designations refer to the number of carbon atom in a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which a phosphate group bonds.
What does antiparallel DNA mean?
A term used to describe the opposite orientations of the two strands of a DNA double helix; the 5′ end of one strand aligns with the 3′ end of the other strand.
How does the prokaryotic ribosome differ from a eukaryotic ribosome What is the medical significance of this difference?
What is the medical significance of this difference? Those of eukaryotes are slightly larger and differ somewhat from bacterial ribosomes in their molecular composition. Certain antibiotic drugs can inactivate bacterial ribosomes without inhibiting the ability of eukaryotic ribosomes to make proteins.