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What are macromolecules converted into?
Most macromolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers. In doing so, monomers release water molecules as byproducts.
What process breaks down macromolecules?
Polymers are broken down into monomers in a process known as hydrolysis, which means “to split water,” a reaction in which a water molecule is used during the breakdown. During these reactions, the polymer is broken into two components.
Which system converts macromolecules into micro molecules that are absorbable?
The digestive system uses mechanical and chemical methods to break food down into nutrient molecules that can be absorbed into the blood.
What macromolecule is converted into ATP in cellular respiration?
glucose
Specifically, during cellular respiration, the energy stored in glucose is transferred to ATP (Figure below). ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is chemical energy the cell can use.
What process is shown by water being given off?
When water is given off from a certain bond site, it means that two molecules are coming together in a condensation reaction. Water being given off from the bond site means that a bond is being formed between two molecules, which can then release a water molecule as a byproduct.
What does maltase sucrase and lactase break down?
Maltase breaks down maltose into glucose. Sucrase breaks down sucrose (or “table sugar”) into glucose and fructose, and lactase breaks down lactose (or “milk sugar”) into glucose and galactose. The monosaccharides (glucose) thus produced are absorbed and then can be used in metabolic pathways to harness energy.
How are macromolecules digested and absorbed?
Digestive enzymes are enzymes that break down polymeric macromolecules into their smaller building blocks, in order to facilitate their absorption by the body. Digestive enzymes are found in the digestive tracts of animals.
What is the function of macromolecules?
For example, macromolecules provide structural support, a source of stored fuel, the ability to store and retrieve genetic information, and the ability to speed biochemical reactions. Four major types of macromolecules—proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids—play these important roles in the life of a cell.