How is pteridophytes characterized and classified?

How is pteridophytes characterized and classified?

Pteridophytes (ferns and lycophytes) are free-sporing vascular plants that have a life cycle with alternating, free-living gametophyte and sporophyte phases that are independent at maturity. The body of the sporophyte is well differentiated into roots, stem and leaves. The leaves may be microphylls or megaphylls.

Which is not a character of pteridophytes?

Large spores are called megaspores while small spores are called microspores. Spores are formed by the sporophyte both in bryophytes and pteridophytes. Hence, option A is defines a character which is not same in bryophytes and pteridophytes. So, the correct answer is ‘Water requirement for fertilization’.

What are pteridophytes Class 11?

The pteridophytes are found in cool, damp, shady places. The main plant body is a sporophyte which is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves, possess well-differentiated vascular tissues.

What is the basis of classification of Pteridophytes?

Hint: A pteridophyte is a free-sporing vascular plant with xylem and phloem. On the basis of nature and relation of leaf and stem vascular anatomy and position of sporangia, they are classified into four main classes – Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida and Pteropsida.

What are fossil Pteridophytes?

Pteridophytes plants have the long fossil’s history. They have been recognized in the late Silurian period of the Paleozoic era. These plants have the dominant vegetation in whole of the Paleozoic era. That era was dominated by the Lepidodendron, sigilalria and the calamites and other fossil lycopsida of that era.

What is absent in Pteridophytes?

Gametophyte of pteridophytes require cool, dry and shady places to grow. …

Do Pteridophytes have fruit?

Although ferns and fern allies have vascular tissue, they exhibit a vastly different form of reproduction as other vascular plants, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Pteridophytes don’t produce cones, flowers, or fruit, unlike these seed plants. Instead, Pteridophytes produce spores.

What are the characteristics of spermatophyta?

General characteristics of phylum spermatophyta

• The plant has roots, stems, leaves and seed bearing structures.
• They produce seeds.
• They have chlorophyll hence are photosynthetic.
• They have vascular tissue is highly developed with xylem tissue consisting of both xylem tissue and tracheids.

What are Pteridophytes also called?

Pteridophytes are also called cryptogams. ‘Cryptogams’ is the term used for plants that do not form flowers and seeds. So, it is assumed that their reproduction is hidden as they produce spores.

What are the economic importance of pteridophytes?

Pteridophytes commonly known as Vascular Cryptogams, are the seedless vascular plants that evolved after bryophytes. Besides being a lower plant, pteridophytes are economically very important. Dry fronds of many ferns are used as a cattle feed. Pteridophytes are also used as a medicine.

What are pteridophytes also called?

Are pteridophytes aquatic?

Pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves (known as fronds), roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. There are also some purely aquatic ferns such as water fern or water velvet (Salvinia molesta) and mosquito ferns (Azolla species).

What are the characteristics of a pterophyta plant?

General characteristics of Pterophyta. Since Pterophyra have lignified xylem vessels and phloem vessels they belong to the vascular plants, in contrast to algae (e.g. Laminaria, Volvox, Polysiphonia) and mosses (e.g. Marchantia, Funaria). Pterophyta may also develop stems, often as rhizomes, true leaves, called frond, and -simple- roots.

Which is an example of an aquatic Pteridophyta?

Marsilea , Azolla are an example of aquatic pteridophytes. Some are epiphytes like Ophioglossum pendulum. Lygodium is a climbing fern. The main plant body is sporophyte and differentiated into true roots, stem, and leaves.

How are pteridophytes different from other plant kingdoms?

Unlike most other members of the Plant Kingdom, pteridophytes don’t reproduce through seeds, they reproduce through spores instead. Pteridophyta is classified into four main classes: They are the most primitive. The stem is photosynthetic and dichotomously branched. Rhizoids are present. Leaves are mostly absent.

What are the characteristics of a sporophyte plant?

Commonly known as spikemoss, Selaginella is found in moist and shady places. Morphologically the plant displays lot of variation. The sporophyte is green and has adventitious roots. There are four rows of leaves on stem; two rows of small leaves and two rows of large leaves. The plant reproduces by vegetative and sexual means.